Description
ABSTRACT
The essence of this project work is to look into the causes of highway failure and the different types of failure which are presented along the Eliozu – New Airport road in Obio/Akpor L.G.A in River state, taken as a case study. Some factors identify as being responsible for the failure of the chosen road section includes, poor sub grade soil with questionable material. Ground water study is carried out, which give insight to it effect to the failure of the flexible pavement, lack of drainage facilities, improper pavement design, poor compaction and traffic volume increase and lack of maintenance are critically taken into consideration.
Traffic volume count and soil test analysis and test on asphalt such as extraction-gradation test, are properly carryout, of which it result gives an adequate insight to the various causes of the failure situation experience along the road section through this investigation, show that relative to pavement, base course, wearing course and sub base were to less than the requirement for effective functionality of the said road of case study. From the investigation carryout, useful recommendation are made to improve the design and proper ways of reducing the rate of failure in Nigerian highways.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i TITLE PAGE
ii CERTIFICATION
iii DEDICATION
iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
v ABSTRACT
vi-xii TABLE OF CONTENT
xiii-xv LIST OF TABLES
xvi-xiii LIST OF FIGURE
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Aims And Objective Of Study
1.2 Scope Of The Project Study
1.3 Background Information Of The Study Area
1.4 Limitation Of The Study
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 General
2.2 Engineering Properties Of Soil
2.2.1 Soil Properties As Highway Material
2.2.2 Highway Sub-Grade, Sub-Base, Their
Thickness And Shaping
2.2.3 Material Classification
2.2.3.1 American Assoication Of State Highway And Transportation Officials (Aashto) System
2.2.3.2 Unified Soil Classification System
(Uses)
2.2.4 Clay Soils And Their Engineering
Properties
2.2.5 Soil Compaction And Consolidation Efficiencies
2.2.6 Soil Permeability And Compressibility
2.2.7 Ground Water Penetration And Its Effect On Road Bases
2.2.8 Effect Of Void In Highway Pavement
2.3 Types Of Pavement Distress
2.4 Traffic Survey
2.4.1 Interpretation Of Data
2.5 Traffic Capacity Studies
2.5.1 Factors Affecting Practical
Capacity
2.5.2 Traffic Flow Characteristic
2.5.3 Traffic Volume Study
2.6 Relative Practical Terms
2.6.1 Site Exploration And Reconnaisance
2.6.2 Sourcing Of Samples
2.6.3 Measurement Of Pavement Thickness
2.6.4 Ground Water Inspection In The
Location
2.6.5 Traffic Volume Study
2.6.6 Rainfall Data
2.6.7 Soil Tests Data
2.6.8 Soil Classification
2.6.9 The Californian Bearing Ratio (Cbr) Test Method
2.7 Classification Relation Terms
2.7.1 Effective Size
2.7.2 Uniformity Coefficient
2.7.3 Co-Efficient Of Gradation
2.7.4 Liqid Limit
2.7.5 Plastic Limit
2.7.6 Plasticity Index
2.7.7 Liquidity Index
2.7.8 Consistency Limit
2.7.9 Group Index
2.8 Aging Of Bitumen
2.9 Bituminous Mixes And It Design
Principles
2.9.1 Diagnosis Of Unsatisfactory Mixes Cases
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTATION
3.1 Field Collection Of A Soil Sample
3.2 Colour Classification
3.4 Specific Gravity Test
3.5 Sieve Analysis…
3.6 Atterberg Limit Test
3.6.1 Plastic Limit
3.6.2 Liquid Limit
3.7 Compaction Test
3.7.1 Standard Proctor Compaction Test
3.7.2 Modified Proctor Compaction Test
3.8 California Bearing Ratio (C.B.R) Test
3.9 Determination Of Water Table
3.10 Manual Method Of Traffic Count
3.11 Bull Specific Gravity Of Compactd Bituminous Mixtures Tests
3.12 Extraction-Gradation Test
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data Presentation And Analysis
4.1 Field Collection Of Soil Sample
4.2 Colour Classification
4.3 Natural Moisture Content
4.4 Specific Gravity Test
4.5 Sieve Analysis
4.6 Atterberg Limit Test
4.7 Classification Computation And Data Analysis
4.8 Compaction Test
4.8.1 Standard Proctor Compaction Test
4.8.2 Modified Proctor Compaction Test
4.9 Determination Of Ground Water Table
4.10 Manual Traffic Count Data And
4.10.1 Mean Daily Traffic
4.11 Tests For Bulk Specific Gravity Of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures
4.12 Extraction – Gradation Test
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, Conclusion And
Recommendation
5.1 Conclusion And Summary
5.1.1 Summary
5.1.2 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
Bibliography
Appendices