Description
INTRODUCTION
Technological advancement in communication technologies has continued to eulogize television as a powerful medium of mass communication. Interestingly, television programme span around the circuits of human endeavour including politics, culture and education. Udeajah (2004, p.7) affirm this when he notes that: We all know in truth broadcasting has become an indispensable form for the practice of politics and governance in all modern nation states. The reasons are quite simple.
No other medium can deliver as large and instantaneous an audience to the politicians or government as broadcasting can. It is also the belief all over the world that broadcasting is an eminently persuasive medium; omnipresent in people‟s homes, working places even in transit. It is akin to a second skin through which most people stay in touch with their immediate environment and the world at large. It is therefore in recognition of this that the federal government in 1992 deregulates the broadcasting industry.
What hitherto was the exclusive of the government become open for all Nigerians; this marked a turning point in the history of television broadcasting in Nigeria. The first television station in Nigeria was (WNTV) in 1959, this was followed by the Eastern Nigerian Broadcasting Service in 1960 and the Broadcasting Corporation of Northern Nigeria (BCNN) and then to the era of deregulation. 2 Supposedly, private television stations emerged. They includes: African Independent Television (AIT), MINAJSystem Station Obosi, Silver bird Communications, Unity TV Communication, Chrone TV Choffaan Communication etc. Commending the federal government DecreeN0. 38 of 1992 on the deregulation broadcasting sector, Okenwa (2000, p.53) stated thus:
The year 1992 marked a critical turning point in the development of the broadcast media Nigeria. It came with policies that were to revolutionalize the media industry through allowing private participation in ownership of the electronic media. The deregulation of broadcasting in Nigeria widened the scope of programming, performance scheduling as well as scope of competition in the sector. Both old and new television stations began to compete with each other so as to remain in the business and make profit. Duru and Okafor (2003, p.136) supported this statement thus: The advertiser perceives the broadcast deregulation, because the resultant effects of their advert messages in audience are encouraging. Similarly, research shows that privatization has resulted in more job, mobility, creativity challenge and healthy competition, which make for the exploitation of hidden creative talents. Indeed, private participation in the ownership and operation of television stations increased qualitative competition.
This has resulted in the packaging of quality programmes for audience viewership. Such competition has arguably spurred government television stations out of their seeming compliancy. They have now risen up to the occasion in order to sustain themselves in businesses in line with the capitalist orientation of our economy. It is surprising therefore that station like Anambra Broadcasting Service (ABS). Enugu State Broadcasting Service (ESBS) and Broadcasting Corporation of Abia State (BCA) have continued to package local and foreign programmes for the viewership of the target audience. Interestingly too, most of these foreign television programmes are specifically packaged and transmitted for the viewership of Nigerian students. This implies that there is something about education which such foreign television programmes intend to impact on the psyche of the Nigerian student, it is assumed there must be a corollary between such foreign programmes and the social behaviours of the students. These foreign films are specifically aired to impact some measures of social tenets on the behaviours of the students. They are not transmitted for the purpose of transmission but to influence the social behaviour of these students. The problem therefore, is whether students actually expose themselves to the viewership of such programmes and if they do, is the exposure minimal or maximal and to what extent such foreign television programs impact on their social behaviours.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Research objectives
1.4 Research questions
1.5 Scope of the study
1.6 Significance of the study
1.7 Limitation of study
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Operational definition of
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Review of concepts
2.2.1 TV as a Mass Medium
2.2.2 TV programming
2.2.3 TV Viewership
2.3 Review of related studies
2.4 Theoretical framework
2.5 Summary of literature review
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Research design or Research technique
3.3 Population of the Study
3.4 Sampling Technique/sample
3.5 Description of Research instrument
3.6 Validity and Reliability of Data gathering Instrument
3.7 Method of Data Collection
3.8 Method of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Data presentation and analysis
4.3 Discussion on Findings
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Summary of Findings
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendations
5.5 Suggestions for Further Studies
APPENDIX B
QUESTIONNAIRE